About

Keenan E. Smith, AIA, is an Adjunct Associate Professor of Urban Planning and Design. He is the Founding Principal of City Lights Design Alliance, a multidisciplinary, collaborative, client-oriented design practice based in Dripping Springs, Texas. His practice focuses on the thoughtful making and integration of Architecture, Urban Design, and Community Planning across a wide range of scales, from individual houses to regional developments. Prior to establishing City Lights Design in 1990, Keenan served as Manager of Urban Planning and Design for the Irvine Company in Orange County, California, where he was responsible for development planning and urban design for projects involving up to 8,000 dwelling units. After returning to Texas in 2000, he designed and built his family homestead and a studio in Dripping Springs. Between 2002 and 2007, he was Director of Practice for Black & Vernooy Architects in Austin, and since 2010, he has completed Principal Urban Planner assignments for Parsons Corporation in their offices in Austin, Riyadh, and Dubai. Keenan has been a Registered Architect since 1983 and is an active member of the American Institute of Architects and the Congress for the New Urbanism. He holds a Bachelor of Architecture with High Honors from The University of Texas at Austin and a Master of Architecture in Urban Design with Distinction from Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design, where he received the Highest Overall Achievement in Urban Design and the 1990 Urban Design Thesis Prize. His teaching experience includes appointments at the University of Southern California and the University of Texas School of Architecture, along with visiting critic assignments at Arizona State University, Washington University, and The University of Arkansas.

Research topics

• Biology
• Medicine
• Bioinformatics
• Intensive care medicine

Selected publications

• Does Health Literacy Predict Cardiac Rehabilitation Attendance and Completion Rates in Patients After Their First Myocardial Infarction?

  Heart Lung and Circulation · 2025-08-01

  articleOpen access
  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• The Formylation of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylcorroles

  ACS Omega · 2025-10-01

  articleOpen access

  The chemistry of N-alkylcorroles is almost unexplored, although it could represent a promising route for further tuning the properties of this porphyrinoid. Herein, we report our investigations on the β-formylation of N(21),N(22)-dimethyl-5,10,15-tritolylcorrole, showing how different regioisomers can be obtained by modifying the functionalization reaction sequence. β-Formyl-N(21),N(22)-dimethyl-5,10,15-tritolylcorrole shows unprecedented reactivity toward acetone in basic conditions, affording a conjugated vinyl ketone derivative in good yields. All these products feature intense absorption bands in the NIR region, which are interesting optical properties with potential applications in different fields.

  PublisherDOI

• UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF PULMONARY CRYPTOCOCCOSIS IN A PATIENT WITH DIABETES

  CHEST Journal · 2025-10-01

  articleSenior author
  PublisherDOI

• Feedback Effects and Systematic Risk Exposures

  The Journal of Finance · 2025-01-30 · 11 citations

  articleSenior authorCorresponding

  ABSTRACT We model the “feedback effect” of a firm's stock price on investment in projects exposed to a systematic risk factor, like climate risk. The stock price reflects information about both the project's cash flows and its discount rate. A cash‐flow‐maximizing manager treats discount rate fluctuations as “noise,” but a price‐maximizing manager interprets such variation as information about the project's net present value. This difference qualitatively changes how investment behavior varies with the project's risk exposure. Moreover, traditional objectives (e.g., cash flow or price maximization) need not maximize welfare because they do not correctly account for hedging and risk‐sharing benefits of investment.

  PublisherDOI

• <i>N</i>-Alkylcorroles

  Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines · 2024-04-26 · 2 citations

  articleOpen access

  A series of inner core [Formula: see text]-alkylcorroles were synthesized and characterized. The introduction of both linear and branched alkyl groups was achieved, demonstrating the quite large scope of the reaction. Polyalkylation results in the formation of the [Formula: see text]-21,[Formula: see text]-22 regioisomer, although the introduction of the second alkyl group is less facile than previously observed in the case of the methyl substituent. Complete functionalization of the inner core nitrogens has been investigated, but only the N,N ′ ,N ″ -trimethyl derivatives were obtained. The characterization of these species demonstrated a different arrangement of the methyl groups to the macrocyclic plane, which is peculiar when compared with the conformation of the analogous porphyrin derivatives. These [Formula: see text]-alkylcorroles should prove to be of potential interest as ligands for various metal ions.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• S113 The CLAMP project: a National evaluation of intercostal chest drain removal

  2024-11-01 · 1 citations

  article

  <h3>Introduction</h3> To confirm resolution of air leak after intercostal chest drain (ICD) insertion for pneumothorax, physicians may clamp the ICD to mimic removal and/or use digital suction devices to quantify air leak. The CLAMP project aims to assess whether these strategies impact rates of recurrent pneumothorax, repeat pleural procedures, or length of stay. <h3>Methods</h3> Sites were recruited via INSPIRE, the UK’s respiratory trainee-led research network. Patients included were admitted with primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax requiring ICD insertion from May 2021-October 2023. Exclusion criteria included age &lt;16 years, iatrogenic/traumatic pneumothoraces, and pleurodesis during the admission. Data collected via retrospectively included demographics, use of suction and clamping trials, adverse events, recurrent pneumothorax, and repeat pleural procedures. <h3>Results</h3> 579 admissions with pneumothorax (203 primary, 376 secondary) from 22 sites were included (figure 1). Suction was applied in 174 cases (30.1%), with 42 using digital suction. Clamping trials were undertaken in 168 cases (29.0%). In 10.1% (n=17) of cases clamping revealed ongoing air leak, of which one patient required intervention. Of 151 cases with a clamping trial showing resolution of air leak, 18 (11.9%) had recurrent pneumothorax, of which 14 underwent a further pleural procedure/surgery. Of 411 cases where clamping was not performed, recurrent pneumothorax was identified in 54 cases (13.1%), of which 50 (12.1%) underwent further intervention. Overall pneumothorax recurrence within 30 days of ICD removal or clamping was not significantly different between the two groups (11.3% vs 13.1%; x²=0.22, p=0.64) and overall need for recurrent procedure was not significantly different (8.9% vs 12.1%; x²=1.47, p=0.23). Adverse events associated with clamping occurred in 1.8% (n=3) and included pain, breathlessness and subcutaneous emphysema, but there were no episodes of tension pneumothorax. Median length of stay during the index admission was 6 days in patients with clamping trials and 5 in those without (p=0.12). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Clamping trials appear to be safe and associated with non-significantly lower rates of recurrent pneumothorax and repeat pleural intervention, but longer length of stay. A prospective trial of ICD removal assessing clamping, digital suction devices, and clinically-guided strategies is now warranted to assess their utility individually and in combination.

  PublisherDOI

• Handbook of Porphyrin Science (Volumes 11 – 15)

  World Scientific Publishing Company eBooks · 2024-04-01

  book
  PublisherDOI

• Increased heart rate fragmentation in those with Williams–Beuren syndrome suggests nonautonomic mechanistic contributors to sudden death risk

  American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · 2024-06-21 · 2 citations

  article

  This work is the first to apply heart rate fragmentation analyses to individuals with Williams syndrome and posits that the heart rate fragmentation parameter W 3 may enable detection and investigation of phenomena underlying the proarrhythmic short-long-short RR interval sequences paradigm known to precede ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It also forwards a novel method for quantifying sinus arrhythmia and sinus pauses that likely correlate with parasympathetic activity.

  PublisherDOI

• PO-04-006 THE ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH ON OUTCOMES IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

  Heart Rhythm · 2024-05-01

  articleOpen access
  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Integrated Safety and Efficacy Analyses of Phase 3 Trials of a Microbiome Therapeutic for Recurrent CDI

  Infectious Diseases and Therapy · 2024 · 5 citations

  • Medicine
  • Intensive care medicine
  • Bioinformatics

  INTRODUCTION: Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) often occurs after standard-of-care antibiotics. VOWST oral spores (VOS, previously SER-109), an FDA-approved orally administered microbiome therapeutic, is indicated to prevent rCDI following antibiotics for rCDI. OBJECTIVE, DESIGN, AND PATIENTS: To evaluate safety and efficacy of VOS from two phase 3 trials, (randomized, placebo-controlled [ECOSPOR III: NCT03183128] and open-label, single arm [ECOSPOR IV: NCT03183141]) of 349 adults with rCDI and prevalent comorbidities. METHODS: VOS or placebo [ECOSPOR III only] (4 capsules once daily for 3 days). Integrated analysis of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) collected through week 8; serious TEAEs and TEAEs of special interest collected through week 24; and rates of rCDI (toxin-positive diarrhea requiring treatment) evaluated through weeks 8 and 24. RESULTS: TEAEs were mostly mild or moderate and gastrointestinal. Most common treatment-related TEAEs were flatulence, abdominal pain and distension, fatigue, and diarrhea. There were 11 deaths (3.2%) and 48 patients (13.8%) with serious TEAEs, none treatment-related. The rCDI rate through week 8 was 9.5% (95% CI 6.6-13.0) and remained low through 24 weeks (15.2%; 95% CI 11.6-19.4). Safety and rCDI rates were consistent across subgroups including age, renal impairment/failure, diabetes, and immunocompromise/immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS: VOS was well tolerated and rates of rCDI remained low through week 24 including in those with comorbidities. These data support the potential benefit of VOS following antibiotics to prevent recurrence in high-risk patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03183128 and NCT03183141.

  DOI

Recent grants

• NIH Grant R01CA017643

  NIH · $1.6M · 1991

• NIH Grant R01CA006437

  NIH · $981k · 1989

• NIH Grant R01HL022252

  NIH · $3.9M · 2004

• NIH Grant R01CA002896

  NIH · $673k · 1986

• NIH Grant R01EB002064

  NIH · $368k · 2006

Frequent coauthors

• Craig J. Medforth

  University of California, Davis

  310 shared

• Daniel J. Nurco

  University of California, Davis

  231 shared

• Frank R. Fronczek

  Louisiana State University

  201 shared

• Karl M. Kadish

  University of Houston

  199 shared

• John A. Shelnutt

  199 shared

• M. Graça H. Vicente

  Louisiana State University

  192 shared

• Laurent Jaquinod

  Stanford University

  183 shared

• Ravindra K. Pandey

  166 shared

Education

• D.Sc., Chemistry

  University of Liverpool

  1977

• Ph.D., Chemistry

  University of Liverpool

  1967

• B.Sc., Chemistry

  University of Liverpool

  1964

Awards & honors

• Urban Design Thesis Prize ‘90- Harvard GSD