Reinaldo Cooke
· Burkhart Endowed Professor for Beef Cattle ResearchVerifiedTexas A&M University · Animal Science
Active 1972–2026
About
Dr. Reinaldo Fernandes Cooke is a Professor in the Department of Animal Science at Texas A&M University. He received a B.S. in Animal Sciences from São Paulo State University in Brazil in 2003, and completed his M.S. and Ph.D. in Animal Sciences at the University of Florida in 2006 and 2008, respectively. Prior to his current position, Dr. Cooke served as an Assistant and Associate Professor – Beef Cattle Specialist at Oregon State University from 2009 to 2017. His academic program is focused on addressing the needs of the beef industries in Texas, the United States, and worldwide. His research efforts concentrate on management strategies to improve productive efficiency in beef cattle operations, including nutrition, health, growth, and reproductive responses in Bos indicus and B. taurus cattle. Dr. Cooke coordinates the Texas A&M International Beef Cattle Academy and is involved in extension and research activities related to beef cattle management.
Research topics
- Biology
- Animal science
- Ecology
- Biotechnology
- Endocrinology
- Food science
- Computer Science
- Economics
- Internal medicine
- Andrology
- Medicine
- Psychology
- Geography
- Business
- Natural resource economics
- Microbiology
- Genetics
- Microeconomics
- Chemistry
- Market economy
- Biochemistry
Selected publications
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract Improving feed efficiency in finishing beef cattle is essential for maximizing feedlot profitability. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and dry matter (DM) intake (DMI) in feedlot cattle can be influenced by feed additives, which ultimately impact feed efficiency. Although monensin is the main additive used to enhance feed efficiency in feedlot diets, the variation in composition and action of commercially available plant-based additives requires further investigation to determine their combined impact on finishing beef cattle growth performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feed additives on intake, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing feedlot cattle. A total of fifty-six (n = 56) steers [British × Continental crossbreed; initial body weight (BW) = 356 ± 26.4 kg] were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate four treatments: Control (CON): no feed additive in the basal finishing diet; Monensin (MON): dietary supplementation of sodium monensin at 33 mg/kg of dry matter (Rumensin 90, Elanco Animal Health); CattIActive (CA): dietary supplementation with CattIActive (a proprietary multi-component feed additive containing orange peel bitters, onion extract, specific fatty acids, and soybean and corn oil; Pro Earth Animal Health) at 10 g/head/day; and Monensin + CattlActive (MON+CA): combination of sodium monensin (33 mg/kg of dry matter) + CattIActive (10 g/head/day). Feed additives were incorporated into the mineral and vitamin supplement included at 5% of the dietary DM. The basal finishing diet contained 10% roughage and 90% concentrate. Steers were adapted to the finishing diet during the first 24 days using three step-up diets. The feeding period lasted 168 days. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Treatments did not affect body weight at the end of the adaptation period (P ≥ 0.27) or at the end of the experiment (P ≥ 0.77). No effect of treatments was observed on DMI during either the adaptation or total feeding period (P ≥ 0.26). Steers fed CA gained more weight than MON (P = 0.05) during the adaptation period, but no differences were observed between CA, CON, or MON+CA (P ≥ 0.11). Consequently, feed efficiency was greater for steers fed MON+CA compared with CON and MON (P ≤ 0.03) but not compared to CA (P = 0.40) during the first 24 days on feed. No treatment effects were detected for feed efficiency at the end of the experiment (P ≥ 0.58). Treatments did not affect the final body weight (P ≥ 0.66) or carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.12). In summary, feeding CA or MON+CA enhanced feed efficiency during the adaptation to high-concentrate diets, but no major differences in growth performance and carcass characteristics were observed among feed additives at the end of the experiment.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract This experiment compared different rest periods upon arrival (0 h, 24 h, or 72 h), and their subsequent effects on health and productive responses of feedlot cattle. One hundred and twenty Angus-influenced steers were obtained from 4 different cow-calf herds (30 steers/herd) and road transported for 1,200 km (18 h) to stimulate the stress of road-transport. Steers were weaned immediately prior to transport. Upon arrival at the experimental receiving yard, steers were ranked by source and weaning body weight (BW) and assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) initial processing upon arrival (NOREST), 2) rest for 24 h prior to initial processing (24REST), and 3) rest for 72 h prior to initial processing (72REST). Steers were housed in 12 drylot pens (10 steers/pen, with 2 or 3 steers/source; 4 pens/treatment) after initial processing for a 56-d receiving period. The initial processing included tagging, vaccination, deworming, and application of growth-promoting implant. Steers assigned to NOREST immediately received the initial processing upon arrival. The 24REST and 72REST steers were maintained in 4 separate paddocks (2 paddocks/treatment) for 24 or 72 h, respectively, prior to initial processing with free-choice access to long-stem hay, water, and mineral-vitamin supplement. All steers were revaccinated against respiratory pathogens on d 14. Steer BW was recorded upon arrival, added 8% to account for shrink, and used as initial BW. Final BW was the average of steer unshrink BW on d 56 and 57. Pen feed intake and symptoms of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) were evaluated daily. Results were analyzed using pen as experimental until and orthogonal contrasts. Initial and final BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.44) among NOREST, 24REST, and 72REST (266, 267, and 261 kg of initial BW, SEM = 5.2; 328, 332, and 333 of final BW, SEM = 5.7). A linear effect was detected for average daily gain, which increased linearly according to length of rest period (1.09, 1.15, and 1.22 kg/day for NOREST, 24REST, and 72REST, respectively; SEM = 0.04). No differences among NOREST, 24REST, and 72REST were detected (P ≥ 0.16) for feed intake (7.29, 7.37, and 7.73 kg/d, respectively; SEM = 0.21), gain:feed ratio (0.150, 0.158, and 0.158, respectively; SEM = 0.006), and incidence of BRD symptoms (20, 20, and 35%, respectively; SEM = 7.6). In summary, length of rest period upon feedyard arrival was positively associated with ADG of high-risk receiving cattle.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract Feed additives such as ionophores and plant-based compounds have been widely studied in ruminant nutrition for their ability to modulate ruminal fermentation and influence dry matter intake (DMI), with the goal of improving feed efficiency and animal health. Nevertheless, the combined use of these additives still warrants further investigation regarding their effects on nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation, especially given the wide variety of commercially available products that differ in composition and mode of action. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of feed additives and their combinations on DMI, apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics, and rumination time of finishing beef steers. Eight ruminally cannulated steers (average BW = 404 ± 44 kg) were used in a duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of four treatments: Control (CON): no feed additive in the basal finishing diet; Monensin (MON): dietary supplementation of sodium monensin at 33 mg/kg of dry matter (DM basis; Rumensin 90, Elanco Animal Health); CattIActive (CA): dietary supplementation with CattIActive (a proprietary multi-component feed additive containing orange peel bitters, onion extract, specific fatty acids, and soybean and corn oil; Pro Earth Animal Health) at 10g/head/day; and Monensin + CattlActive (MON+CA): combination of sodium monensin (33 mg/kg of dry matter) + CattIActive (10 g/head/day). Steers were fed a finishing diet containing 10% roughage and 90% concentrate once daily. Each 16-day experimental period included 10 days of adaptation to the experimental diets and 6 days of sample collection. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. DMI tended to be less (P = 0.09) for steers fed MON compared to CON. No other effects were observed on nutrient intake or apparent total tract nutrient digestibility (P ≥ 0.18). Treatments did not affect ruminal pH (P ≥ 0.11). Ruminal proportion of acetate (C2) was less in steers fed CA and CA+MON compared to CON (P ≤ 0.03). Ruminal proportion of propionate (C3) was greater in steers fed CON and MON+CA compared to MON and CA (P ≤ 0.05), and C2:C3 ratio was less for MON+CA compared to MON (P = 0.02). Ruminal proportion of butyric acid was greater for CA and CA+MON compared to MON and CON (P ≤ 0.05). Ruminal ammonia nitrogen was less for CA and MON+CA compared to CON and MON (P ≤ 0.01). Additionally, MON+CA increased rumination time (min/kg DMI; P = 0.02) compared to CON. In summary, these results suggest that CA and the combination of MON+CA may positively alter ruminal fermentation characteristics without affecting the intake and the apparent total tract nutrient digestibility in finishing steers.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-01-01
articleOpen accessThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of providing a supplemental water source (SWS) or an experimental nutrient repletion solution (NRS) following feedlot arrival on intake, growth performance, health, and immune responses of newly received calves. A total of 270 weaned lightweight British × Continental crossbred heifers (initial body weight [BW] = 236 ± 19 kg) were ranked by shrunk BW and allocated into 18 soil-surfaced pens (12 × 35 m; 15 heifers/pen). Treatments were: 1) Control (CON): water was provided through a standard in-pen automatic waterer only; 2) Supplemental water source (SWS): CON plus water provided with one additional 416-L stock tank/pen; 3) Experimental nutrient repletion solution (NRS): provided with one 416-L stock tank/pen as the only source of drinking solution. The SWS and NRS were provided from days 1 to 4, after which supplemental tanks were removed. From days 5 to 56, all heifers had only access to the standard in-pen automatic waterer. Heifers had ad libitum access to feed and water and the WI was measured daily throughout the experiment. Body weights and blood samples via jugular venipuncture were collected on days 1, 4, 14, 28, and 56. A treatment × day interaction was observed for average BW, ADG, and water intake (P ≤ 0.05). SWS and NRS increased DMI compared to CON during days 5-15 (P < 0.001), and the increase in DMI persisted for SWS compared to CON between days 16 and 29 (P < 0.01). The ADG was lower for NRS compared to CON during days 1 to 4 (P < 0.01), and water intake was greater for SWS and NRS compared to CON between days 1 and 4 (P < 0.001). No differences between treatments were observed for morbidity and mortality rate (P ≥ 0.28). The cumulative incidence of BRD tended to be lower for SWS compared to CON during days 9 to 27 (P ≤ 0.10). No treatment or treatment × day interactions were observed for any of the plasma hormones and metabolites evaluated (P ≥ 0.11), except for plasma glucose, which tended to be lower for NRS compared to CON (P = 0.10), and serum antibody titers against bovine viral diarrhea virus, which were greater for NRS compared to CON (P = 0.02). Providing SWS or NRS to high-risk newly received beef calves for 4 d after arrival to the feedyard may increase water, feed intake and immune response.
Translational Animal Science · 2026-05-08
articleOpen accessAbstract This experiment evaluated behavioral, physiological, and health responses of feedlot-adapted growing bulls administered the maternal bovine appeasing substance (mBAS; FerAppease, FERA Diagnostics and Biologicals; College Station, TX) at the time of castration. Angus-influenced (n = 182) bulls were purchased from 3 sources with no previous health and management history, and transported to the research center on d -40. Bulls were assigned to initial processing and revaccination on d -36 and -12, respectively. Bulls were ranked by body weight (BW) on d -12 (284 ± 3 kg) and source, and assigned to 1 of 26 pens (n = 7 bulls/pen, 13 pens/treatment) on d 0. Pens were randomly assigned to receive bulls administered 10-mL of mBAS or no treatment (CON) immediately prior to band-castration (d 0). The mBAS was applied topically on the nuchal skin area (5 mL) and above the muzzle (5 mL) and reapplied on d 14. Final BW was recorded on d 42, whereas feed intake and signs of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) were recorded daily. Hair samples from the tail-switch were collected on d 0 and 14. Subjective pain-related behaviors were evaluated daily from d 0 to 13 using 3-point scoring system (0 = no pain, 1 = moderate pain, 2 = severe pain). Bulls were also fitted with an ear tag (CowManager, Agis Automatisering BV, Harmelen, The Netherlands) to record behavioral responses. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.41) for BW gain, feed intake, and gain: feed, whereas cattle administered mBAS tended to have greater (P = 0.08) final BW. Hair cortisol concentrations did not differ (P = 0.66) between treatments on d 0, but were less (P = 0.02) in mBAS cattle on d 14 (treatment × day; P = 0.04). Incidence of BRD signs and mean pain score were less (P ≤ 0.05) for mBAS cattle. Cattle administered mBAS spent less time (P ≤ 0.03) being not active on wks 1 to 4, spent more time (P ≤ 0.03) being highly active during wks 1 and 2, and spent more time (P = 0.03) ruminating on wk 3 (treatment × day; P ≤ 0.04). Liveweight gain from d 0 to 42 tended (P = 0.09) to be greater for mBAS pens, and final liveweight was greater (P = 0.05) in mBAS pens. Pens that received mBAS had greater (P = 0.05) final value and tended (P = 0.08) to have greater profit. Administering mBAS to feedlot-adapted bulls at the time of castration attenuated chronic stress, reduced behavioral expression of pain, decreased the incidence of BRD signs, and improved pen-based productivity during a 42-d post-procedural period.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract This experiment evaluated the effects of feeding a Bacillus-based probiotic on rumen fermentation traits, apparent nutrient digestibility, microbiota profile in the rumen and reproductive tract of beef heifers receiving a forage-based diet. Sixteen rumen-cannulated, pubertal Angus-influenced heifers were used in a crossover design (35-d periods). Treatments included hay and concentrate (CON; n = 16) or CON with the addition of 3 g/head daily of Bacillus-based probiotic (BAC; n = 16). Blood samples were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. Rumen fluid samples were collected on d 0, 14, and 28. Vaginal and uterine swabs were collected on d 28. On d 32 of each period, ruminal liquid fill, liquid dilution rate, forage dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) disappearance were assessed for 96 h. Apparent total-tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients was calculated using fecal samples collected from d 32 to 35. Data were analyzed using heifer as the experimental unit, and results from d 0 as covariate when appropriate. Ruminal fluid pH and ammonia concentrations did not differ between treatments (P ≥ 0.28). Acetate proportion in the ruminal fluid was reduced (P &lt; 0.01), whereas rumen propionate, butyrate, and iso-valerate proportions were increased (P ≤ 0.05) in BAC heifers. No treatment differences were observed (P ≥ 0.14) for rumen fluid phyla. Relative abundances of the genera Bacteroides, Pedobacter, and Clostridium were less (P ≤ 0.04) in the rumen fluid of BAC heifers. Rumen liquid volume and dilution rate were not affected (P ≥ 0.63) by treatments. Heifers assigned to BAC had greater (P ≤ 0.04) effective ruminal degradability of DM and NDF, as well as ATTD of DM, CP, and NDF. Mean plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.04) while mean blood urea-N concentration was less (P &lt; 0.01) in BAC heifers. Plasma IGF-I concentration was greater (P = 0.04) in BAC heifers on d 21 (treatment × day; P = 0.04). Heifers receiving BAC had reduced (P = 0.05) abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes, and reduced (P ≤ 0.05) abundance of the genera Pedobacter and Bacteroides in vaginal swabs. No treatment effects were observed (P ≥ 0.29) for phyla or genera relative abundances in uterine swabs. Supplementing a Bacillus-based probiotic improved nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation traits, and physiological responses of beef heifers consuming a forage-based diet, with effects on the reproductive tract limited to the vaginal microbiota.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract Three experiments evaluated the effects of a Bacillus-based probiotic on feed intake, immune, and metabolic responses of beef heifers exposed to different stress challenges. Sixteen Angus-influenced yearling heifers were used. For all experiments (35 d each), treatments included hay and corn-based concentrate with (BAC; n = 8) or without (CON; n = 8) 3 g/head daily of the Bacillus-based probiotic. Heifers received vaccination against bovine respiratory pathogens in Exp. 1 or a lipopolysaccharide injection (LPS; 0.5 μg/kg of body weight; Escherichia coli 0111:B4) in Exp. 2, and were transported for 24-h in Exp. 3. Hay intake was measured daily across all experiments. Rectal temperature and blood samples were collected prior to and up to 21 d after each challenge. In Exp. 1, no treatment effects were observed (P ≥ 0.18) for feed intake or plasma concentrations of antibodies against vaccine antigens. The CON heifers had greater rectal temperature (P ≤ 0.05) at 8 and 12 h, and greater (P = 0.05) plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) concentration 6 h post-vaccine (treatment × hour; P = 0.09). In Exp. 2, hay intake was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in BAC during the 5-d period post-LPS (treatment × day; P = 0.01). Heifers receiving CON had greater (P ≤ 0.05) rectal temperature at 18, 48, and 60 h, greater (P ≤ 0.05) plasma cortisol concentration at 4, 6 and 8 h, greater (P &lt; 0.01) plasma haptoglobin concentration from 120 to 168 h, and greater (P ≤ 0.05) plasma concentration of lipopolysaccharide binding protein at 48, 60, and 72 h post-LPS (treatment × hour; P ≤ 0.10). Mean plasma TNFa concentration tended (P = 0.08) to be less, whereas mean plasma concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate, and non-esterified fatty acids were less (P ≤ 0.05) in BAC heifers post-LPS. In whole blood samples, BAC had less (P ≤ 0.03) mRNA expression of TNFa at 2 h, tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TH1) at 6 h, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase-1 at 4 h post-LPS. In Exp. 3, no treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.18) for feed intake, immune and metabolic responses, besides transient differences (P ≤ 0.04) in plasma glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate, and whole blood mRNA expression of GPx and TH1 (treatment × hour; P ≤ 0.05). Feeding a Bacillus-based probiotic alleviated inflammatory responses of beef heifers upon a vaccine or LPS challenge, improved feed intake and metabolic responses post-LPS, whereas no major benefits were observed upon the 24-h transport
Translational Animal Science · 2026-05-09
articleOpen accessLay Summary The early days after cattle arrive at the feedlot are among the most difficult times in beef production. During this receiving period, calves experience multiple stressors, including weaning, transportation, vaccinations, mixing with unfamiliar animals, and adapting to a new environment, often within a very short timeframe. These stresses can weaken the immune system and negatively affect health and growth. Feed additives known as biotics (also called probiotics or direct-fed microbials) have gained attention because they might improve nutrient digestion, support animal health, help cattle cope with stress, and promote more efficient growth. Among these, Bacillus species are especially promising because they remain stable during feed processing and have been shown to support feed intake, improve nutrient use, enhance feed efficiency, and reduce illness in high-risk cattle. Hence, this study investigated how adding a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial to the diet affected growth, health, and stress-related responses of feeder calves during the first 60 days after arrival at the feedlot. Results showed a tendency to increase feed intake even though overall performance was not affected. Supplementing cattle diets with a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial helped reduce stress, as shown by lower levels of stress- and inflammation-related markers in the blood. Overall, these results suggest that supplementing cattle with a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial can increase feed intake while helping calves better cope with stress during the feedlot receiving period.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-05-04
articleOpen accessThis experiment evaluated growth, physiological responses, and puberty attainment in heifers reared in drylots with different stocking densities. A total of 240 heifers (75% Angus × 25% Brahman) were used. Heifers were ranked by age (270 ± 1 d), body weight (BW on d -3; 232 ± 2 kg) and temperament score on d 0, and assigned to drylot pens with: a) 14 m2/heifer (HDENS), b) 28 m2/heifer (MDENS), c) 42 m2/heifer (LDENS), or to pastures with 1,380 m2/heifer (CON). Each pen or pasture (n = 6/treatment) housed 10 heifers. Negligible forage was available for CON, and all treatments received the same limit-fed diet (∼9 kg/heifer daily, dry matter basis). Shrunk BW was recorded on d -3 and 171 to calculate BW gain. Heifers were fitted with an ear tag on d 0 to record behavioral responses. Blood samples were collected weekly for plasma progesterone analysis. Whole blood samples were collected on d 0, 58, 114, and 170 for mRNA isolation. Hair samples from the tail switch were collected on d 0, 30, 58, 85, 114, 142, and 170. Data were analyzed with pen or pasture as experimental unit. No treatment effects were detected (P = 0.92) for BW gain (∼0.647 kg/d). Heifers from CON spent more time eating (P < 0.01) and less time in other activity categories (active, highly active, and non-active; P ≤ 0.05) compared with heifers reared in drylots. Hair cortisol concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.02) for HDENS compared with CON and MDENS on d 30, greater (P ≤ 0.04) for HDENS compared with all other treatments on d 58 and 142, and less (P ≤ 0.05) for CON compared with all drylot treatments on d 170 (treatment × day; P = 0.08). Expression of heat shock protein (HSP)-70 mRNA was greater (P ≤ 0.02) for HDENS compared with all other treatments on d 170 (treatment × day; P = 0.04). Expression of HSP-72 mRNA was greater (P < 0.01) for LDENS compared with all other treatments on d 114, and greater (P < 0.01) in HDENS compared with all other treatments on d 170 (treatment × day; P < 0.01). A greater (P ≤ 0.05) proportion of CON were pubertal by week 22 of the experiment compared with all other treatments, and compared with MDENS and HDENS on week 23 (treatment × day; P < 0.01). In summary, rearing heifers in drylots with high stocking density (14 m2/heifer) increased chronic stress and delayed puberty compared with pasture heifers, whereas reducing drylot stocking density (28 or 42 m2/heifer) attenuated stress responses but did not benefit heifer reproductive development.
Journal of Animal Science · 2026-04-01
articleOpen accessAbstract Replacement beef heifers represent a substantial investment for cattle producers and require appropriate management to achieve puberty, conceive, and calve efficiently. This study evaluated the impact of post-weaning body weight (BW) gain on reproductive development and subsequent productivity in primiparous cows. Sixty Angus crossbred heifers were stratified by age and BW (237 ± 6 d; 226 ± 6 kg) at 28 d post-weaning (d -3) and randomly assigned to one of three supplementation strategies from d 0 to 168: 1) a forage-based diet designed to restrict BW gain (low control; LC), 2) concentrate supplementation to promote accelerated BW gain (high control; HC), or 3) a stair-step regimen consisting of HC for 2 months, followed by LC for 2 months, followed by HC for the final 2 months (SS). Heifers were maintained in a single pasture with ad libitum access to grass hay and individually fed supplement treatments six days weekly. Shrunk BW was recorded on d -3 and 169 to calculate average daily gain (ADG). Blood samples were collected weekly from d 0 to 168 to assess pubertal status via plasma progesterone. From d 169 to 222, heifers were subjected to a fixed-time artificial insemination protocol combined with natural service. As designed, overall ADG from d 0 to 168 was greater (P &lt; 0.01) in HC vs. SS and LC (0.76, 0.68, and 0.48 kg/d, respectively; SEM = 0.02), and greater (P &lt; 0.01) in SS vs. LC heifers. Puberty attainment was delayed (treatment × day; P &lt; 0.01) in LC heifers compared to HC and SS. No treatment differences were detected (P = 0.69) for pregnancy rate. No treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.11) for heifer BW or body condition score at calving, or calf birth BW. Calving rate was greater (treatment × day; P &lt; 0.01) in SS and LC heifers compared to HC. Heifers were assessed for milk production via weigh-suckle-weigh at 51.3 ± 1.4 d postpartum followed by milk sample collection and mammary artery hemodynamic assessment via Doppler ultrasonography 24 h later. No treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.50) for milk yield or composition. Average resistance index was greater (P = 0.03) in SS vs. LC, and average pulsatility index was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in SS vs. LC and HC, indicating reduced mammary blood flow in SS vs. LC. No treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.11) for offspring age or BW at weaning. Collectively, results from this experiment indicate that HC and SS hastened the reproductive development of replacement heifers, without negatively affecting their milk productivity as primiparous cows. Exposure to a stair-step nutritional regimen may be an opportunity to hasten puberty attainment in replacement beef heifers, while reducing feed input.
Frequent coauthors
- 258 shared
Alice Brandão
Texas A&M University
- 193 shared
D. W. Bohnert
Oregon State University
- 189 shared
R. S. Marques
Virginia Tech
- 171 shared
Kelsey M Schubach
Mississippi State University
- 130 shared
Eduardo Colombo
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- 111 shared
Bruno I Cappellozza
Chr. Hansen (Denmark)
- 102 shared
J.L.M. Vasconcelos
- 86 shared
Ky G Pohler
Texas A&M University
Education
B.S.
São Paulo State University
M.S.
University of Florida
Ph.D.
University of Florida
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