James Garrett
· Provost and Chief Academic Officer, Thomas Lord ProfessorVerifiedCarnegie Mellon University · Civil and Environmental Engineering
Active 1886–2025
About
James Garrett is the Provost and Chief Academic Officer at Carnegie Mellon University and holds the position of Thomas Lord Professor in Civil and Environmental Engineering. His role involves overseeing academic affairs and contributing to the university's leadership in engineering education and research.
Research topics
- Geology
- Engineering
- Physics
- Mechanical engineering
- Environmental science
- Oceanography
Selected publications
The Lancet Oncology · 2025-04-15 · 17 citations
article2025-06-08
articleABSTRACT: Lost Circulation Material (LCM) plays a critical role in managing depleted fracture gradients encountered in mature field operations. Traditionally, LCM blends are developed through slot testing and field experience. While slot testing provides quantitative results, its applicability is limited due to the mismatch between the properties of steel and the actual formation rock. In contrast, field monitoring of LCM effectiveness provides accurate results but comes at a higher cost. This study presents an advanced experimental setup designed to simulate overbalance drilling conditions with rock samples, providing a more representative assessment of LCM performance in field-like conditions. Using this insight, LCM formulas can be more accurately designed and use lower concentrations. This paper will discuss the experimental set up, testing procedures, laboratory, and field results for permeable slot testing.
2025-06-15
articlePlasma, often called the fourth state, is widely used in applications such as semiconductor manufacturing, display technologies, and spacecraft propulsion systems. Among the many variables in plasma, ion energy plays a crucial role in achieving precision during etching and deposition processes in the semiconductor industry. While significant efforts have been made to control ion energy, the high costs associated with power systems remain a major challenge. To address this, passive antennas have been proposed as a cost-effective alternative for inductively coupled plasma (ICP) systems. However, previous studies have mainly focused on experimental observations, basic modeling, and preliminary analyses, leaving room for more comprehensive and detailed investigations. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the operating principles of passive antennas. Plasma diagnostics, including electron density, ion energy, and plasma potential measurements, were carried out to uncover the fundamental mechanisms of these antennas. Additionally, we performed comparative experiments with different antenna designs of the same size to further investigate their operating principles.
Negative Testing: Automating a Safety Critical Process with Human Factors at its Core
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition · 2024-09-20 · 1 citations
articleAbstract Pressure testing in the oil and gas industry is used to validate the safety and integrity of equipment across a well barrier. Negative testing, also known as inflow testing, requires a negative pressure differential between the well and the formation. This type of pressure testing is used in well systems to test the integrity of a well barrier envelop. The most infamous negative test in oil and gas history was the test on the Macondo well, shortly before the tragic incident unfolded. Current practices vary across the globe, they depend on regional regulations, industry standards, location, and company procedures. The two basic types of approaches are based on analysing volume or pressure data. The most common methods are no-flow, pressure monitoring, and Horner. Volume typically is measured using tanks, buckets, and beakers. Pressure traditionally was measured using an analogue pressure chart recorder, which now is increasingly being replaced by real-time data systems. As the oil and gas industry moves towards digital systems for pressure testing, the need for a systematic methodology with clearly defined criteria for negative pressure testing becomes ever more important. Computers cannot interpret ambiguity, so it is essential that a systematic methodology for negative pressure test acceptance is clearly defined, and criteria are developed. This paper proposes a systematic approach aimed at enhancing the interpretation and standardisation of negative pressure testing results with human factors at its core. Drawing from existing literature and an analysis of over 100 negative tests conducted by the operator, seven key principles are established. These principles serve as a unified framework for interpreting negative test results and provide the much-needed detail for automating the acceptance process. Through their application in diverse testing scenarios in deepwater environments, this work identifies potential inconsistencies in the current methodologies and proposes strategic adjustments. The aim is to foster a more robust and standardised approach to negative pressure test interpretation, enhancing safety, compliance, and operational efficiency in the oil and gas industry.
2023-03-31
preprintOpen access<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Although patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma can experience long-term survival with BRAF- and MEK-targeted agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors over 5 years, resistance develops in most patients. There is a distinct lack of pretherapeutic biomarkers to identify which patients are likely to benefit from each therapy type. Most research has focused on the predictive role of T cells in antitumor responses as opposed to B cells.</p>Patients and Methods:<p>We conducted prespecified exploratory biomarker analysis using gene expression profiling and digital pathology in 146 patients with previously untreated <i>BRAF</i> V600–mutant metastatic melanoma from the randomized, phase III COMBI-v trial and treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib who had available tumor specimens from screening.</p>Results:<p>Baseline cell-cycle gene expression signature was associated with progression-free survival (<i>P</i> = 0.007). Patients with high T-cell/low B-cell gene signatures had improved median overall survival (not reached [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.8 months–not reached]) compared with patients with high T-cell/high B-cell signatures (19.1 months; 95% CI, 13.4–38.6 months). Patients with high B-cell signatures had high B-cell infiltration into the tumor compartment, corresponding with decreased MAPK activity and increased expression of immunosuppressive markers.</p>Conclusions:<p>B cells may serve as a potential biomarker to predict clinical outcome in patients with advanced melanoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib. As separate studies have shown an opposite effect for B-cell levels and response to immunotherapy, B cells may serve as a potential biomarker to facilitate treatment selection. Further validation in a larger patient cohort is needed.</p></div>
2023-03-31
preprintOpen accessSupplementary Data from Role of Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells in Clinical Outcome of Patients with Melanoma Treated With Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib
2023-03-31
preprintOpen accessSupplementary Figures from Role of Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells in Clinical Outcome of Patients with Melanoma Treated With Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib
ICE volume 44 issue 8 Cover and Front matter
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · 2023
- Environmental science
- Geology
- Engineering
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
2023-03-31
preprintOpen access<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Although patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma can experience long-term survival with BRAF- and MEK-targeted agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors over 5 years, resistance develops in most patients. There is a distinct lack of pretherapeutic biomarkers to identify which patients are likely to benefit from each therapy type. Most research has focused on the predictive role of T cells in antitumor responses as opposed to B cells.</p>Patients and Methods:<p>We conducted prespecified exploratory biomarker analysis using gene expression profiling and digital pathology in 146 patients with previously untreated <i>BRAF</i> V600–mutant metastatic melanoma from the randomized, phase III COMBI-v trial and treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib who had available tumor specimens from screening.</p>Results:<p>Baseline cell-cycle gene expression signature was associated with progression-free survival (<i>P</i> = 0.007). Patients with high T-cell/low B-cell gene signatures had improved median overall survival (not reached [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.8 months–not reached]) compared with patients with high T-cell/high B-cell signatures (19.1 months; 95% CI, 13.4–38.6 months). Patients with high B-cell signatures had high B-cell infiltration into the tumor compartment, corresponding with decreased MAPK activity and increased expression of immunosuppressive markers.</p>Conclusions:<p>B cells may serve as a potential biomarker to predict clinical outcome in patients with advanced melanoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib. As separate studies have shown an opposite effect for B-cell levels and response to immunotherapy, B cells may serve as a potential biomarker to facilitate treatment selection. Further validation in a larger patient cohort is needed.</p></div>
2023-03-31
supplementary-materialsOpen accessSupplementary Tables from Role of Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells in Clinical Outcome of Patients with Melanoma Treated With Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib
Recent grants
Frequent coauthors
- 89 shared
Burcu Akinci
Carnegie Mellon University
- 80 shared
Lúcio Soibelman
University of Southern California
- 50 shared
Mario Bergés
Carnegie Mellon University
- 38 shared
Sue McNeil
UNSW Sydney
- 36 shared
Hassan A. Karimi
- 34 shared
Amin Hammad
- 25 shared
Barbara W. Trautner
University of Pittsburgh
- 25 shared
Trevor Van Schooneveld
Nebraska Medical Center
Education
- 1982
B.S., Civil Engineering
Carnegie Mellon University
- 1983
M.S., Civil Engineering
Carnegie Mellon University
- 1996
Ph.D., Civil Engineering
Carnegie Mellon University
Awards & honors
- Alexander von Humboldt Research Prize (2012)
- Steven J. Fenves Award for Systems Research at Carnegie Mell…
- ASCE Computing in Civil Engineering Award (2006)
- Induction into the National Academy of Construction (2020)
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