El trabajo subcontratado chino a raíz de la abolición de la esclavitud en América: ¿Una nueva forma de esclavitud o una transición al trabajo libre en el caso de Cuba?

Revista Internacional de Estudios Asiáticos · 2025-07-01

Using Cuban archival material (including many documents acquired by private U.S. collectors), this article examines the lives of Chinese contract laborers in Cuba — “culís” — in the second half of the nineteenth century after they completed the original eight-year contract and subsequent shorter forced re-contracts. The essay moves the argument beyond Chinese culís simply replicating or prolonging slavery on Cuban plantations to glimpse the beginning of the transition from slave to free labor.

Globalization and Its Discontents: Exposing the Underside

Frontiers A Journal of Women Studies · 2023 · 1 citations

• Political Science
• Political Science
• Law

Introduction to “Globalization and Its Discontents: Exposing the Underside”

Frontiers A Journal of Women Studies · 2023-01-01

Introduction to "Globalization and Its Discontents: Exposing the Underside" Evelyn Hu-Dehart (bio) When I wrote this essay some twenty years ago, I was moved by a series of massive demonstrations in the Americas against the globalization being championed by the government and elites of the United States and Europe, the so-called First or Developed World. As a scholar of modern Latin America and the Caribbean, with special attention to Mexico, the US- Mexico borderlands, and to migration al norte from Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, I was also teaching about the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in January 1994 to remove trade barriers and regulations among Canada, the United States, and Mexico, which immediately led to the declaration of resistance by the Mayan Indians of Chiapas in southern Mexico. With poignant hindsight and prescient foresight, they gestured to the great peasant leader of the Mexican Revolution in 1911 by naming themselves "Zapatistas." It quickly dawned on me that this late capitalist globalization against the backdrop of neoliberalism was built to a large extent on the labor of Third World women, Asian and Latin American, whether in their home countries in the Global South or as immigrants (free or undocumented) to the Global North. This realization compelled me to expose the underside of this globalization by pointing out concrete examples of exploitation and abuses, as well as break down the structural logic of the transnational system of globalization which had served to exacerbate social and economic inequality within the core, and between core and periphery, North and South. The intersectionality of race, class, gender and nationality, racism and white supremacy, colonialism and decolonization, state violence and interpersonal violence, were implicit in my analysis, but today, I would make them much more explicit as theoretical frameworks and interventions. I did not intend my essay to contribute to a discussion on the "Asian American Abolition Feminisms" theme of this special volume, because I was not aware of the concept and term, or maybe it was not yet invented. But [End Page 145] I am honored to find that it resonated with the general and special editors of Frontiers, who find it timely and relevant to the theme. Most of all, I am pleased to be selected to accompany the essays and creative expressions of many young Asian American and feminist scholars and activists, who, I imagine, would tend to look at the system from more grassroots, bottom-up, and person-focused perspectives, and whose insights are derived from multiple sources and experiences, many I was ignorant of or could not have imagined, or had not been named twenty years ago. I know I have much to learn from them. [End Page 146] Globalization and Its Discontents: Exposing the Underside In recent years, we have been treated to a sense of déjá vu of the sixties. Great numbers of mostly young people, men and women, mostly white, middle-class college students, have descended on major American cities such as Seattle and Washington, D.C., as well as their own campuses to protest a new and virulent form of injustice.1 Only this time, instead of protesting against war or racism, they raised their voices against something called "globalization." Specifically, they named the related evils to be exposed and reformed, if not destroyed, as the World Trade Organization (WTO), which seeks to remove all barriers to world trade, such as regulations and tariffs erected by nation-states; the Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI), which prohibits signatory nations from impeding the flow of money and production facilities across their borders; the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, both created by the advanced economies to help poor countries "modernize" with loans and development projects; and sweatshops, the unregulated assembly plants. All of these are linked to globalization.2 The concern boiling over into outright objection to globalization has been brewing for some time. But if we have to pinpoint a specific event, we can be-gin with the Zapatista uprising in Mexico in January 1994.3 On that fateful day, the Indian peasants of Chiapas, Mexico's southernmost province, rose up in rebellion, timing the protest to coincide...

Benjamin Bryce and David M. K. Sheinin, eds. <i>Race and Transnationalism in the Americas</i>.

The American Historical Review · 2022-03-12

Race and Transnationalism in the Americas, edited by Benjamin Bryce and David M. K. Sheinin, appears to be an eclectic collection of essays, each a case study, that proposes to take us further in a direction of scholarship—the “transnational turn”—that has already begun and is still developing, with a lot of steam left. Start by closely reading Hertzman’s introduction, which opens the discussion on this transnational turn in historical studies—defined as movements, physical and metaphorical, that cross national boundaries. He references a large number of mostly recently published works—books and journal articles—that explore, critically analyze, and document the “transnational histories of race”—in a slight twist of the book’s title—and how it evolved over time in Latin American history. With this historiographical and bibliographical essay—not comprehensive but represents one scholar’s wide and deep reading into the subject—these works touch upon the many different ways in which transnationalism is enacted by historical actors and movements, identified as such by professional historians and other scholars. From presumably a large body of case studies that examine the theme of race and transnationalism, the editors showcase eleven of them.

Latin America in Asia-Pacific Perspective

Routledge eBooks · 2021 · 5 citations

• Political Science
• Geography
• Political Science

In 1513, Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa’s “discovery” of the Mar del Sur, the first European name for the Pacific Ocean, set in motion Spain’s “discovery” and exploration of the Pacific coast of South America. By mid-century, Spanish conquistadores had conquered the Inca empire, renaming it the colony of New Castille, or Peru. By the end of the sixteenth century, the Spanish finally figured out how to accomplish what Columbus had failed to achieve—finding a way to the Orient by sailing westward. Spain established the Manila galleon trade, which lasted some three centuries, linking China and Japan via the Philippines to Europe in an exchange of Mexican silver for Oriental luxury goods. In 1635, a group of Spanish barbers in Mexico City complained about excessive competition from Chinese barbers in that colonial capital city.

Notes

New York University Press eBooks · 2020-12-31

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

New York University Press eBooks · 2020

• Geology

Case and Susan Foster recruited me to graduate school at the turn of the new millennium

Latino Politics en Ciencia Política

New York University Press eBooks · 2020 · 1 citations

• Political Science
• Political Science
• Law

More than 53 million Latinos now constitute the largest, fastest-growing, and most diverse minority group in the United States, and the nation&#8217;s political future may well be shaped by Latinos&#8217; continuing political incorporation. In the 2012 election, Latinos proved to be a critical voting bloc in both Presidential and Congressional races; this demographic will only become more important in future American elections. Using new evidence from the largest-ever scientific survey addressed exclusively to Latino/Hispanic respondents, Latino Politics en Ciencia Pol&#237;tica explores political diversity within the Latino community, considering how intra-community differences influence political behavior and policy preferences. The editors and contributors, all noted scholars of race and politics, examine key issues of Latino politics in the contemporary United States: Latino/a identities (latinidad), transnationalism, acculturation, political community, and racial consciousness. The book contextualizes today&#8217;s research within the history of Latino political studies, from the field&#8217;s beginnings to the present, explaining how systematic analysis of Latino political behavior has over time become integral to the study of political science. Latino Politics en Ciencia Pol&#237;tica is thus an ideal text for learning both the state of the field today, and key dimensions of Latino political attitudes.

Chapter 2. Chinese Labor Migrants to the Americas in the Nineteenth Century

Stanford University Press eBooks · 2020-09-09

13. Diaspora

New York University Press eBooks · 2020-12-31