Nonlinear Analysis of Neonatal Breathing Dynamics – A Case Study

2025-12-06

The premature infant is prone to respiratory issues due to poor development of the regulatory system as well as mechanical issues with the lung itself. These problems often lead to apnea, the cessation of breathing. Until the respiratory system develops, the infant must be kept in critical care.

Noninvasive Brachial Artery Mechanics and Endothelial Function

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · 2025-04-01

The Bionic Pacemaker

Series on bioengineering and biomedical engineering · 2023-02-01

Noninvasive Brachial Artery Mechanics and Endothelial Function

World Scientific Annual Review of Biomechanics · 2023-01-01

It has been recognized that endothelial dysfunction is an early indication of Arterial disease. Endothelial function can be noninvasively evaluated by Inducing a temporary increase in blood flow and then observing the degree of vasodilation response or flow-mediated dilation. Impaired flow mediated vasodilation is then an indication of impaired endothelium. Vascular ultrasound Imaging has been the typical approach to access vasodilation by flow-mediated dilation most often at the brachial artery. Together with other measures of cardiovascular risk, the flow-mediated dilation response provides a very early noninvasive screen for cardiovascular disease. The skill and equipment required for brachial artery ultrasound imaging have limited the use of flow-mediated dilation as a routine medical test. Moreover, it has been recognized that other vascular parameters such as vessel size and blood pressure may influence the test itself. We have introduced a potential solution to the routine measurement of flow-mediated dilation by Analyzing the response of a simple occlusive arm cuff to obtain the Brachial Artery diameter in a noninvasive way. The analysis for occlusive cuff Plethysmography was provided here in a calibrated manner. This approach is an alternative to ultrasound flow-mediated dilation testing. It requires no special operator skills and may be automated for precision. Two experimental evaluations of the proposed cuff method are provided. First, The cuff- based brachial diameters were compared to Ultrasound obtained diameters. Second, as a sensitivity test, the cuff-based dilation test was used to measure the dilation response of several subjects to blood sugar loading. For further evaluation, the cuff-based measurements were applied to a mechanical model of the brachial artery to reveal a standard error of estimate less than 5%. The results show that the cuff-based diameters compare well to those obtained via ultrasound imaging. Moreover, the cuff-based dilation testing showed the expected reduction in endothelial function response due to a blood sugar load. Additionally, cuff-based flow-mediated dilation testing provides measurements as a function of the subject blood pressure, which Ultrasound generally cannot.

Computational Cellular Model of Heart Rate Variability During Controlled Respiration

2022-12-03

The sinoatrial node (SAN), located in the right atrium wall, is the heart's biological pacemaker and determines heart rate due to the repetitive spontaneous action potentials for cardiac rhythmic contractions in the heart pacemaker cells. The funny current (If) and SAN, together with regulation by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, modulate the frequency of the SAN action potential. The interaction of these systems is responsible for the rhythmic pacemaker activity, controlling heart rate, and abnormalities resulting in arrhythmias.

Correction to: Nonlinear Flow Dynamics and Chaos in a Flexible Vessel Model

2022-01-01

Topics in Nonlinear Dynamics

Springer eBooks · 2021 · 19 citations

• Computer Science
• Neuroscience
• Cardiology

Fractals and the Cardiovascular System

2021-01-01

Nonlinear Oscillator Circuit Model Lab Exercise (Properties of Self-Excitable Cells)

2021-01-01

Nonlinear Flow Dynamics and Chaos in a Flexible Vessel Model

2021-01-01