Fear of Immigration Enforcement Among Older Latino Immigrants in the United States

UNC Libraries · 2025-09-13

OBJECTIVE: The passage of the 1996 Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) and other subsequent restrictive immigration policies have created fear among Latino immigrants. This study examines whether fear of immigration enforcement is socially significant among older (50+ years) foreign-born Latino individuals in the United States without citizenship or permanent residence, and whether disapproval of immigrant enforcement policies is directly associated with fear of immigration enforcement among this older population. METHOD: Data used in the analysis come from 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2013 national Latino surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center. Cross-sectional regression models are used to estimate the probabilities of fearing immigration enforcement in the Latino samples, as well as to examine the association between disapproval and fear of immigration enforcement. RESULTS: The study finds that the predicted probabilities of fearing immigration enforcement among foreign-born individuals aged 50 and over without citizenship or permanent residence are not negligible. Moreover, the study finds evidence of a direct association between the disapproval of enforcement measures and fear of immigration enforcement. DISCUSSION: Restrictive immigration measures have implications for conditions of fear and other stressors affecting the well-being of older immigrants.

Light-Induced Formation of DNA Interstrand Cross-Links from Oxidative DNA Lesion

DNA · 2025-11-04

Background/Objectives: DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) mark one of the most deleterious lesions that can preclude strand separation required for essential cellular processes. Efforts to discover ICL-inducing agents and endogenous substrates for ICL repair pathways have led to the identification of structurally diverse ICLs produced by reactive aldehydes and abasic sites, among others. While several studies point to UV rays as ICL-inducing agents, UV ray-induced ICL formation from biologically relevant DNA lesions has been rarely reported. We conjectured that solar radiation-induced reactive oxygen species may give rise to ICLs via further oxidation of DNA lesions with lower redox potential (e.g., 8-oxoadenine (oxoA)). Here, we present the discovery of ICL production via light-induced modification of the major oxidative adenine lesion oxoA. Methods/Results: In the absence of a photosensitizer, both UVC and UVB rays, but not UVA and visible rays, trigger the formation of oxoA-G ICLs, albeit in low yields. By contrast, the inclusion of the naturally occurring photosensitizer riboflavin in the cross-linking reaction makes UVA and visible rays readily generate oxoA-G ICLs, suggesting solar radiation facilitates the formation of oxoA ICLs in vivo. Conclusions: The plausible oxoA-G ICL formation mechanism concerns the further oxidation of oxoA into an iminoquinone, followed by the nucleophilic attack of the opposite guanine on the iminoquinone. OxoA-G ICLs represent rare examples of ICLs produced by photosensitization. These results will contribute to the discovery of a novel form of ICLs induced by solar radiation.

Abstract 2317 Investigating the Impact of N7-AlkylGuanine and Metal Cofactors on Translesion Synthesis (TLS) pol η and Base Excision Repair (BER) Human Alkyladenine Glycosylase (hAAG)

Journal of Biological Chemistry · 2024-03-01

Endogenous and exogenous alkylating agents actively target DNA, creating diverse alkylated DNA lesions like O6-, N3-, and N7- alkylpurines, with the potential to exert adverse effects on cellular DNA metabolism. hAAG in BER deals with smaller alkylated lesions, while nucleotide excision repair (NER) handles larger lesions. However, the processing of larger lesions, such as N7-BenzylG (N7-BnG) during TLS by pol η or BER glycosidic cleavage by hAAG lacks a comprehensive understanding. Determining the impact of N7-alkylG lesions on biological processes has been challenging, partly due to complications arising from the chemical instability of the positively charged N7-alkylG, weakening the glycosidic bond and allowing spontaneous depurination.

Migration and Hegemony in the World-System

World-systems evolution and global futures · 2023-01-01

20. The Battle for the Border: Notes on Autonomous Migration, Transnational Communities, and the State

2023-09-01 · 118 citations

The chapter adopts an “autonomous international migration” perspective to discuss how workers, their families, and communities organized to move across international borders “outside” of state regulation. They thereby constitute a challenge to the state and inhabit an ambivalent relation to U.S. economic interests.

British Hegemony and Migration

World-systems evolution and global futures · 2023-01-01

The Battle for the Border:

2023-09-18

Capitalism and Migration

World-systems evolution and global futures · 2023 · 10 citations

• Political Science
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Migration and Dutch Capitalist Development

World-systems evolution and global futures · 2023-01-01 · 1 citations

Capital Migration and Florentine Dominance in the European Medieval Wool Industry

World-systems evolution and global futures · 2023-01-01